Beekeeping Glossary

An apiary is a location where beehives are kept and managed. It is also referred to as a bee yard or bee farm.

A hive is a structure or container where bees live and store their honey. It consists of boxes or supers that contain frames where bees build their comb.

The queen bee is the adult female bee responsible for laying eggs and maintaining the population of the colony. She is larger than worker bees and has a longer lifespan.

Worker bees are female bees that perform various tasks within the hive, such as foraging for nectar and pollen, nursing the brood, building and maintaining the comb, and defending the hive. They make up the majority of the colony’s population.

Drones are male bees whose primary function is to mate with a queen from another colony. They do not have stingers and do not participate in other tasks within the hive.

Comb refers to the hexagonal structures made of beeswax that bees construct to store honey, raise brood (larvae), and store pollen.

Frames are rectangular or square structures that fit inside the hive boxes. Bees build their comb on these frames, allowing beekeepers to easily inspect and manage the hive.

Foundation is a sheet of beeswax or plastic that is placed in the frame to guide bees in building their comb.

A beekeeper’s suit is a protective clothing ensemble worn by beekeepers to shield themselves from bee stings. It typically includes a hat with a veil, a beekeeping jacket or suit, gloves, and sometimes beekeeping boots.

A smoker is a device used by beekeepers to produce cool smoke. It is used to calm bees during hive inspections by mimicking the natural response of bees to a forest fire, which causes them to gorge on honey and become less defensive.

A honey extractor is a mechanical device used to extract honey from the honeycomb. It works by centrifugal force, spinning the frames to remove the honey without destroying the comb.

A pollen trap is a device placed at the entrance of the hive to collect pollen from bees’ hind legs. It allows beekeepers to gather pollen for various purposes, such as dietary supplements or selling to other beekeepers.

Supers are additional boxes placed on top of the brood box or hive body. They provide extra space for bees to store surplus honey.

A swarm is a natural process where a portion of the colony, including the queen, leaves the hive to establish a new colony. Swarming typically occurs when a hive becomes crowded.

Nectar is a sweet liquid secreted by flowers that bees collect and transform into honey. Bees forage for nectar as a source of carbohydrates and energy.

Propolis is a resinous substance collected by bees from tree buds and sap. They use it to seal small gaps and crevices in the hive, providing insulation and protection against pests and diseases.

Varroa mites are external parasites that infest honey bee colonies. They feed on bee hemolymph and can weaken and transmit diseases to the bees.

Bee space refers to the optimal spacing between hive components, frames, and other structures within the hive. It allows bees to move and work efficiently without building excessive comb or propolizing everything together.